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Flying from Canada with a baby or a toddler and wondering if you need a car seat on the plane? Here is what you need to know: when your child needs their own seat, which car seats are approved for aircraft, what the CARES harness is, and the car seat rules at Air Canada, WestJet and Porter, checked on their own sites and on Transport Canada’s site in October 2026, plus what we actually do with our car seat.
Do you need a car seat on the plane?
In Canada, a child under 2 can fly on your lap, so a car seat on the plane is a choice and the rules do not force it. Transport Canada says child restraint systems are not mandatory on Canadian flights, and they have been allowed since 1990. Transport Canada also quotes the international aviation position that the safest option for a young child is the right sized, approved car seat in their own seat, and Air Canada recommends a restraint device for babies under 2.
To be honest with you, I have never used a car seat in an airplane. With a baby, I use a baby carrier through the airport and on the plane, and my babies would always sleep in it. On our Etihad flight from Abu Dhabi to London, UK, we checked the car seat and the stroller and kept only the baby carrier for a comfortable sleep on the plane. On Emirates, they gave us a bassinet for free. Here are my tips for flying with a 2 to 4 month old baby.
You know your children better than anyone, so take the tips and do what feels right for your family. More on that in the conflicting advice on how to travel with kids.
When does a child need their own seat on a plane in Canada?
Air Canada, WestJet and Porter all follow the same simple line: under 2, your child can be a lap infant, and from age 2, your child needs their own seat.
- Under 2: a lap infant needs a ticket, but on Air Canada flights within Canada there is no charge, between Canada and the US only the taxes apply, and on international flights the lap infant pays 10% of the adult fare. WestJet and Porter do not charge a base fare or taxes for a lap infant on most routes, although some fees can apply on flights to the US and some international destinations.
- One lap infant per adult: Transport Canada does not allow one person to be responsible for more than one infant on board, so twins need 2 adults aged 16 or older.
- From age 2, or under 2 with a car seat on board: your child needs a paid seat.
If your baby turns 2 during the trip, WestJet says you buy the return flight at full fare, Porter lets you buy a seat for the return only, and Air Canada asks you to call Air Canada Reservations on an international trip. A lap infant still needs their own passport for an international flight, so here is how to get a baby passport in Canada, step by step.
Car seat on the plane by age: baby, toddler and 2 to 4 year old
The airlines go by weight and by the limits printed on your car seat more than by age.
A baby on the plane
A rear-facing infant seat is made for the smallest babies. Transport Canada describes infant restraint systems as rear-facing and meant for babies under 10 kg (22 lb), and Air Canada says rear-facing devices are generally for babies under 9 kg (20 lb). Your baby can also fly on your lap in a carrier, or in a bassinet if your airline has one.
A toddler or a 2 to 4 year old on the plane
Air Canada says forward-facing devices are generally for children from 9 kg to under 30 kg (20 to 65 lb), always within the limits on the seat itself. From about 10 kg (22 lb), the CARES harness becomes an option, and from age 2 your child can also just use the aircraft seatbelt. Booster seats are the one thing you cannot use on board.
Which car seats are approved for airplanes? Look for the sticker
Look for the labels on your car seat before you go to the airport, because the airline will ask for an approved seat.
- A car seat made in Canada: it needs the National Safety Mark showing CMVSS 213 for a child seat or CMVSS 213.1 for an infant seat. A Canadian seat with a label saying it is not certified for use in aircraft is not accepted.
- A car seat made in the US: it needs the FMVSS label and the label saying “This restraint is certified for use in motor vehicles and aircraft”. Air Canada describes that second label as red.
- A car seat made in Europe or the UK: it needs the ECE R44 or R129 approval and a label saying it is for use in aircraft.
- A car seat made in Australia or New Zealand: it needs the AS/NZS 1754 label and the green aircraft label.
The seat also has to fit between the armrests and be installed with the aircraft seatbelt. Porter gives about 17 inches wide as general guidance, so measure your seat before you fly.
Booster seats and booster cushions are not allowed on board at Air Canada, WestJet or Porter, and Transport Canada says boosters are not approved as a child restraint in an aircraft. A combination seat has to be used with its own harness, says Air Canada.
What is the CARES harness, and is it approved in Canada?
CARES is a harness made by AmSafe that goes around the back of the aircraft seat and works with the seatbelt, so your child is strapped in without a car seat. It is FAA approved for aircraft use only, so it does not work in a car.
Transport Canada reviewed the CARES device and accepts it on Canadian aircraft, for children between 10 and 20 kg (22 and 44 lb) and 100 cm (40 in) tall or less. Using it with a baby under 2 needs a national exemption, which the airline has to confirm.
- Air Canada: accepted for children who can sit upright, but never in Signature Class, and it does not easily fit on the Dash 8-100 and Dash 8-300.
- WestJet: accepted with the CARES and FAA approved label, always with the seatbelt.
- Porter: accepted for children aged 1 and older.
If you choose CARES, you still need a car seat at the destination if you are driving, so think about the whole trip before you choose.
Air Canada, WestJet and Porter car seat rules
Air Canada
- Child restraint devices are not permitted in Signature Class, with some exceptions, so call Air Canada Reservations if you are flying in that cabin.
- You can bring the restraint device on board in addition to the infant’s carry-on only if you bought a seat for the child.
- One car seat or booster seat per child up to age 11 can be checked for free, on top of your baggage allowance, and it cannot have other items inside.
- One stroller per child flies free. Small strollers, folded no larger than 25.5 cm by 92 cm, can be checked at the counter or at the gate, and a gate-checked stroller comes back to you at the aircraft door.
WestJet
- A child in a car seat needs a purchased seat, and WestJet asks you to call them so they can prepare your reservation for a car seat.
- Car seats cannot be used in the Business section.
- Rear-facing seats usually go by a window, and children in car seats cannot sit in over-wing exit rows or bulkhead seats. The child sits next to a guest aged 12 or older.
- You can check 2 pieces of infant or child equipment for free, like a stroller and a car seat, and gate check them. If you use a car seat on board, you get one more piece of equipment on top of that.
Porter
- Lap infants are from 7 days old to under 2.
- Porter does not supply car seats. If you bring one on board, you buy a seat for your child.
- The car seat goes by a window, with an adult aged 16 or older beside it, and never in an emergency exit row.
- A car seat and a collapsible stroller are checked for free, on top of your baggage allowance.
Rules change, so open your airline’s car seat page again the week you fly. Here is how I rate airlines for a family trip in economy.
Should you check, gate check or bring the car seat on board?
Your baby gear flies free on most airlines: the stroller and the car seat are usually checked for free, so do not pay extra, just ask at check-in. We have checked our car seat and stroller for free on Air Canada, Emirates and Etihad.
On our weekend trip to Atlanta, Georgia, I gate checked our YOYO stroller and checked the toddler Diono car seat. On our Flair Airlines flight from Toronto Pearson to Fort Lauderdale, Florida, kids got 2 free gate-check items, like a stroller or a car seat. Here is our weekend guide to Atlanta with kids.
Checked at the counter, your hands are free and the car seat goes through the full baggage system, so it needs a bag. Gate checked, you keep it until the door of the plane. On board, you need a paid seat and an approved car seat. If you are flying solo, here is how to travel alone with your kids, and my 10 airport tips for flying with kids.
Do you need a car seat bag for flying?
I saw way too many broken strollers and uncovered car seats at baggage claim, so if you are checking a stroller or a car seat, protect it. A proper travel bag protects it from dirt, scratches and rough handling, and you spot it faster at baggage claim.
For infant car seats, I usually recommend the brand’s own bag when the company offers one, because damage to a car seat is not always visible right away. For our trip from Toronto to New York and then to Abidjan, Ivory Coast (Côte d’Ivoire), our car seat and stroller went in their UPPAbaby travel bags, and we got them back at our destination.

All my tips are in how to protect your stroller and car seat when flying with kids, and the bags and accessories I use are in my car seat and stroller accessories list on Amazon.
Car seats at your destination: rental cars, taxis and airport transfers
When we went to Abidjan, Ivory Coast (Côte d’Ivoire), we had a car waiting for us when we left the airport, and we brought our own car seat from home. Here is my full guide to Abidjan with kids.
- Airport transfers: book a private transfer from the airport to the hotel, because kids are usually tired after a flight. When you book a transfer on Kiwitaxi, you choose the type of child seat in the booking form: an infant seat up to 10 kg, a child seat for 9 to 18 kg or a booster for 15 to 36 kg. Child seats cost extra, every child counts as a passenger, and Kiwitaxi says the driver can refuse the transfer if you did not book a seat.
- Taxis: ask before you count on a taxi having a car seat,. In Jamaica, for example, ask for one when you book your transfer or bring your own. Here is my guide to Jamaica with kids and to Montego Bay airport with kids.
- Rental cars: ask the rental company about a car seat when you book, and check the seat and its labels when you pick up the car, or bring your own. In Nassau, Bahamas, we used taxis from the airport, and they drive on the left there, so think twice before renting a car with a baby seat for a short stay. It is all in our 3 day Nassau itinerary with a baby.
- Renting baby gear: some families rent the car seat, the stroller and the crib at the destination to travel lighter. Here is why you might rent baby equipment at your destination.
If you are heading somewhere sunny for March break, here is my guide to March break 2027 with kids from Toronto, including why I book a private transfer from the airport to the resort.
Tips for installing a car seat on the plane
- Book the window seat for the car seat, with your seat right beside it. Transport Canada recommends the window and says a car seat should never block an exit or the way out for the people next to it, so the aisle seat and the exit rows are out.
- Call the airline after you book. WestJet asks you to call so they can prepare your reservation for a car seat.
- Read the aircraft instructions on your car seat and practise installing it with a lap belt only, since the aircraft seatbelt has no shoulder strap. Transport Canada says top tether straps are not used on aircraft, so stow them the way the manufacturer explains.
- Use family boarding if your airline offers it, so you have time to install the car seat before the aisle fills up. We always use it.
If the plan is for your kids to sleep, here is how I get my kids to sleep on a plane in economy, and what is in our carry-ons for an overnight flight.
What I pack for trips like this
The things I actually use are in my Amazon store: my packing essentials list and my electronic must-haves for travel list.
If you are flying with a car seat soon, my pre-travel checklist is the list I run before every trip, and it is free. You can get it here.
Flying with your kids and a car seat soon? Send me a message on Instagram and tell me where you are going.














